• one or more servers to act as the host(s) for the sites; servers may be physical or virtual;
• colocation for the server(s), providing physical space, electricity, and Internet connectivity;
• Domain Name System configuration to define name(s) for the sites and point them to the hosting server(s);
• a web server running on the host;
• for each site hosted on the server.
• space on the server(s) to hold the files making up the site.
• site-specific configuration.
• often, a database.
• software and credentials allowing the client to access these, enabling them to create, configure, and modify the site.
• email connectivity allowing the host and site to send email to the client.